Erik Erikson's lifespan development theory.
Each stage presents a 'psychosocial crisis' to resolve:
1. Infancy (0-1): Trust vs. Mistrust
2. Toddler (1-3): Autonomy vs. Shame
3. Preschool (3-6): Initiative vs. Guilt
4. School Age (6-12): Industry vs. Inferiority
5. Adolescence (12-18): Identity vs. Role Confusion
6. Young Adult (18-40): Intimacy vs. Isolation
7. Middle Age (40-65): Generativity vs. Stagnation
8. Old Age (65+): Ego Integrity vs. Despair
Successfully resolving each crisis yields a 'virtue.'
Example: Identity → Fidelity
Unlike Freud, Erikson believed development continues through adulthood.
Developmental
Erikson's Psychosocial Stages
Life is a series of 8 crises